add directory ♦ medical jobs
Today's News:
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research - Latest articles
SPECT/CT-Plethysmography - Non-Invasive Quantitation of Bone and Soft Tissue Blood Flow
Lior Dayan, Zohar Keidar, Ora Israel, Victor Milloul, Johnathan Sacks and Giris Jacob Mon, 18 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Preserved blood flow to bone and soft tissue is essential for their normal function. To date only numerous methods are suitable for direct bone blood flow (BBF) measurement. Here, we introduce a novel quantitative method for bone and soft tissue blood flow (BBF and SBF, respectively) measurement. It involves a combination of SPECT/CT imaging for blood pool localization in a specific region of interest ("soft" and "hard" tissues composing a limb) with veno-occlusive plethysmography. Using it, we measured BBF and SBF in the four limbs of 10 healthy subjects. At steady state blood flow measurements in the four limbs were similar, ranging between 5.5 - 6.5 and 1.87-2.48 ml per 100 ml of tissue per minute for BBF and SBF, respectively. Our results are comparable to those in the literature. We concluded that SPECT/CT-plethysmography appears to be a readily available and easy to use method to measure BBF and SBF, and can be added to the armamentarium of methods for BBF measurements.
Failure of dual radius hydroxyapatite-coated acetabular cups
Fabio D'Angelo, Mauro Molina, Giacomo Riva, Giovanni Zatti and Paolo Cherubino Thu, 07 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0000
IntroductionMany kind of hydroxyapatite-coated cups were used, with favorable results in short term studies; it was supposed that its use could improve osteointegration of the cup, enhancing thus stability and survivorship. The purpose of this study is to analyze the long term behavior of the hemispheric HA coated, Dual Radius Osteonics cup and to discuss the way of failure through the exam of the revised components and of both periacetabular and osteolysis tissue. Materials & Methods: Between 1994 and 1997, at the Department of Orthopedic Sciences of the Insubria University, using the posterolateral approach, were implanted 276 Dual Radius Osteonics(R) in 256 patients, with mean age of 63 years. Results: At a mean follow-up of 10 years ( range 8-12 years), 183 cups in 165 patients, were available for clinical and radiographical evaluation. 22 Cups among the 183 were revised (11% ). The cause of revision was aseptic loosening in 17 cases, septic loosening in one case, periprosthetic fracture in another case, osteolysis and polyethylene wear in two cases and, finally, recurrent dislocations in the last one. In the remaining patients, mean HHS increased from a preoperative value of 50,15 to a postoperative value of 92,69. The mean polyethylene wear was 1,25 mm ( min. 0,08, max. 3,9 mm ), with a mean annual wear of 0,17 mm. The mean acetabular migration on the two axis was 1,6 mm and 1,8 mm. Peri-acetabular osteolysis were recorded in 89% of the implants ( 163 cases ). The cumulative survivorship (revision as endpoint) at the time was 88,9%. Conclusion: Our study confirms the bad behavior of this type of cup probably related to the design, to the method of HA fixation. The observations carried out on the revised cup confirm these hypotheses but did not clarify if the third body wear could be a further problem. Another interesting aspect is the high incidence of osteolysis, which are often asymptomatic becoming a problem for the surgeon as the patient refuses the possibility of a revision.
Clinical effects of Garcinia kola in knee osteoarthritis
Olayinka O Adegbehingbe, Adejimi S Adesanya, Thomas O Idowu, Oluwakemi C Okimi, Oyesiku A Oyelami and Ezekiel O Iwalewa Wed, 30 Jul 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Objectives. Over the past years, there has been a growing number of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients who are not willing to comply with long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) treatment and wish to use herbal anti- rheumatic medicine. This study assessed the clinical effects of Garcinia kola (GK) in KOA patients. Patients and Methods. Prospective randomized, placebo controlled, double blind, clinical trial approved by the institutional medical ethics review board and written informed consent obtained from each patient. All KOA patients presenting at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital complex were recruited into the study. The patients were grouped into four (A=Placebo, B=Naproxen, C=Garcinia kola, D=Celebrex). The drugs and placebo were given twice a day per oral route. Each dose consisted of 200mg of G. kola, Naproxen (500mg), Celebrex (200mg) and Ascorbic acid (100mg). The primary outcome measure over six weeks study period was the change in mean WOMAC pain visual analogue scales (VAS). Secondary outcome measures included the mean change in joint stiffness and physical function (mobility/walking). Results: 143 patients were recruited, 84 (58.7%, males - 24, females - 60) satisfied the selection criteria and completed the study. The effect of knee osteoarthritis bilateralism among the subjects was not significant on their outcome (p>0.05). The change in the mean WOMAC pain VAS after six weeks of G. kola was significantly reduced compared to the placebo (p0.05). The onset of G. kola symptomatic pain relief was faster than the placebo (p0.05). The duration of therapeutic effect of Garcinia kola was longer than the placebo (p>0.001). G. kola period of effect was less than naproxen and celebrex (p<0.001). G. kola subjects had improved mean change mobility/walking after six weeks better than the control group(p<0.001).The mean change in mobility of the G. kola group when compared to the active comparators was not significantly better (p<0.05). The mean change of knee joint stiffness (p<0.001) and the change of mean WOMAC score (p<0.001) were improved on Garcinia kola as compared to the placebo. The mid term outcome of eleven Garcinia kola subjects after cessation of use had a mean pain relief period of 17.27+/-5.15 days (range: 9-26 days). There was no significant cardiovascular, renal or drug induced adverse reaction to Garcinia kola. Conclusions: Garcinia kola appeared to have clinically significant analgesic /anti-inflammatory effects in knee osteoarthritis patients. Garcinia kola is a potential osteoarthritis disease activity modifier with good mid term outcome. Further studies are required for standardization of dosages and to determine long-term effects.
Septic arthritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Abdulaziz Al-Ahaideb Tue, 29 Jul 2008 00:00:00 -0000
There is an increasing number of rheumatoid patients who get septic arthritis. Chronic use of steroids is one of the important predisposing factors. The clinical picture of septic arthritis is different in immunocompromised patients like patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The diagnosis and management are discussed in this review article.
Tissue specific characteristics of cells isolated from human and rat tendons and ligaments
N Scutt, CG Rolf and A Scutt Thu, 24 Jul 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Background: Tendon and ligament injuries are common and costly in terms of surgery and rehabilitation. This might be improved by using tissue engineered constructs to accelerate the repair process; a method used successfully for skin wound healing and cartilage repair. Progress in this field has however been limited; possibly due to an over-simplistic choice of donor cell. For tissue engineering purposes it is often assumed that all tendon and ligament cells are similar despite their differing roles and biomechanics. To clarify this, we have characterised cells from various tendons and ligaments of human and rat origin in terms of proliferation, response to dexamethasone and cell surface marker expression. Methods: Cells isolated from tendons by collagenase digestion were plated out in DMEM containing 10% fetal calf serum, penicillin/streptomycin and ultraglutamine. Cell number and collagen accumulation were by determined methylene blue and Sirius red staining respectively. Expression of cell surface markers was established by flow cytometry. Results: In the CFU-f assay, human PT-derived cells produced more and bigger colonies suggesting the presence of more progenitor cells with a higher proliferative capacity. Dexamethasone had no effect on colony number in ACL or PT cells but 10 nM dexamethasone increased colony size in ACL cultures whereas higher concentrations decreased colony size in both ACL and PT cultures. In secondary subcultures, dexamethasone had no significant effect on PT cultures whereas a stimulation was seen at low concentrations in the ACL cultures and an inhibition at higher concentrations. Collagen accumulation was inhibited with increasing doses in both ACL and PT cultures. This differential response was also seen in rat-derived cells with similar differences being seen between Achilles, Patellar and tail tendon cells. Cell surface marker expression was also source dependent; CD90 was expressed at higher levels by PT cells and in both humans and rats whereas D7fib was expressed at lower levels by PT cells in humans. Conclusion: These data show that tendon & ligament cells from different sources possess intrinsic differences in terms of their growth, dexamethasone responsiveness and cell surface marker expression. This suggests that for tissue engineering purposes the cell source must be carefully considered to maximise their efficacy.
Diagnosis of periprosthetic infection following total hip arthroplasty – evaluation of the diagnostic values of pre- and intraoperative parameters and the associated strategy to preoperatively select patients with a high probability of joint infection
Michael Müller, Lars Morawietz, Olaf Hasart, Patrick Strube, Carsten Perka and Stephan Tohtz Mon, 21 Jul 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Background: The correct diagnosis of a prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is crucial for adequate surgical treatment. The detection may be a challenge since presentation and preoperative tests are not always obvious and precise. This prospective study was performed to evaluate a variety of pre- and intraoperative investigations. Furthermore a detailed evaluation of concordance of each preoperative diagnosis was performed, together with a final diagnosis to assess the accuracy of the pre-operative assumption of PJI. Methods: Between 01/2005 and 02/2007, a prospective analysis was performed in 50 patients, who had a two stage revision because of assumed PJI. Based on clinical presentation, radiography, haematological screening, or early failure, infection was assumed and a joint aspiration was performed. Depending upon these findings, a two stage revision was performed, with intra-operative samples for culture and histological evaluation obtained. Final diagnosis of infection was based upon the interpretation of the clinical presentation and the pre- and intraoperative findings. Results: In 37 patients a positive diagnosis of PJI could be made definitely. The histopathology yielded the highest accuracy (0.94) in identification of PJI and identified 35 of 37 infections (sensitivity 0.94, specificity 0.94, positive-/negative predictive value 0.97/0.86). Intra-operative cultures revealed sensitivities, specificities, positive-/negative predictive values and accuracy of 0.78, 0.92, 0.96, 0.63 and 0.82. These values for blood screening tests were 0.95, 0.62, 0.88, 0.80, and 0.86 respectively for the level of C-reactive protein, and 0.14, 0.92, 0.83, 0.29 and, 0.34 respectively for the white blood-cell count. The results of aspiration were 0.57, 0.5, 0.78, 0.29, and 0.54. Conclusion: The detection of PJI is still a challenge in clinical practice. The histopathological evaluation emerges as a highly practical diagnostic tool in detection of PJI. Furthermore, we found a discrepancy between the pre-operative suspicion of PJI and the final post-operative diagnosis, resulting in a slight uncertainty in whether loosening is due to bacterial infection or not. The variation in accuracy of the single tests may influence the detection of PJI. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level I.
Techniques in Orthopaedics - Current Table Of Contents
Introduction.
Page: 95DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817f32a6Authors: Russell, Thomas A. MD
Indirect Reduction and Submuscular Plating of Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture.
Page: 97DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817bf2f9Authors: Ostrum, Robert F. MD
Locked Plating for Subtrochanteric Fractures: The Next Big Thing.
Page: 106DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817c0481Authors: Schmidt, Andrew H. MD
Intramedullary Nailing of Subtrochanteric Fractures: Relevant Anatomy and Entry Portals, Supine, or Lateral Positioning.
Page: 113DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817bf2a1Authors: Jahangir, A Alex MD; Perez, Edward A. MD; Russell, Thomas A. MD
Minimally Invasive Nail Insertion Technique for Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures: How and Why.
Page: 118DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817bf2ceAuthors: Mir, Hassan R. MD; Russell, T A. MD
Nailing Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures: The Technical Subtleties of the Ideal Starting Point.
Page: 126DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817d7599Authors: Ricci, William M. MD
Subscribe to Organizations RSS feed 
SPECT/CT-Plethysmography - Non-Invasive Quantitation of Bone and Soft Tissue Blood Flow
Lior Dayan, Zohar Keidar, Ora Israel, Victor Milloul, Johnathan Sacks and Giris Jacob Mon, 18 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Preserved blood flow to bone and soft tissue is essential for their normal function. To date only numerous methods are suitable for direct bone blood flow (BBF) measurement. Here, we introduce a novel quantitative method for bone and soft tissue blood flow (BBF and SBF, respectively) measurement. It involves a combination of SPECT/CT imaging for blood pool localization in a specific region of interest ("soft" and "hard" tissues composing a limb) with veno-occlusive plethysmography. Using it, we measured BBF and SBF in the four limbs of 10 healthy subjects. At steady state blood flow measurements in the four limbs were similar, ranging between 5.5 - 6.5 and 1.87-2.48 ml per 100 ml of tissue per minute for BBF and SBF, respectively. Our results are comparable to those in the literature. We concluded that SPECT/CT-plethysmography appears to be a readily available and easy to use method to measure BBF and SBF, and can be added to the armamentarium of methods for BBF measurements.
Failure of dual radius hydroxyapatite-coated acetabular cups
Fabio D'Angelo, Mauro Molina, Giacomo Riva, Giovanni Zatti and Paolo Cherubino Thu, 07 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0000
IntroductionMany kind of hydroxyapatite-coated cups were used, with favorable results in short term studies; it was supposed that its use could improve osteointegration of the cup, enhancing thus stability and survivorship. The purpose of this study is to analyze the long term behavior of the hemispheric HA coated, Dual Radius Osteonics cup and to discuss the way of failure through the exam of the revised components and of both periacetabular and osteolysis tissue. Materials & Methods: Between 1994 and 1997, at the Department of Orthopedic Sciences of the Insubria University, using the posterolateral approach, were implanted 276 Dual Radius Osteonics(R) in 256 patients, with mean age of 63 years. Results: At a mean follow-up of 10 years ( range 8-12 years), 183 cups in 165 patients, were available for clinical and radiographical evaluation. 22 Cups among the 183 were revised (11% ). The cause of revision was aseptic loosening in 17 cases, septic loosening in one case, periprosthetic fracture in another case, osteolysis and polyethylene wear in two cases and, finally, recurrent dislocations in the last one. In the remaining patients, mean HHS increased from a preoperative value of 50,15 to a postoperative value of 92,69. The mean polyethylene wear was 1,25 mm ( min. 0,08, max. 3,9 mm ), with a mean annual wear of 0,17 mm. The mean acetabular migration on the two axis was 1,6 mm and 1,8 mm. Peri-acetabular osteolysis were recorded in 89% of the implants ( 163 cases ). The cumulative survivorship (revision as endpoint) at the time was 88,9%. Conclusion: Our study confirms the bad behavior of this type of cup probably related to the design, to the method of HA fixation. The observations carried out on the revised cup confirm these hypotheses but did not clarify if the third body wear could be a further problem. Another interesting aspect is the high incidence of osteolysis, which are often asymptomatic becoming a problem for the surgeon as the patient refuses the possibility of a revision.
Clinical effects of Garcinia kola in knee osteoarthritis
Olayinka O Adegbehingbe, Adejimi S Adesanya, Thomas O Idowu, Oluwakemi C Okimi, Oyesiku A Oyelami and Ezekiel O Iwalewa Wed, 30 Jul 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Objectives. Over the past years, there has been a growing number of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients who are not willing to comply with long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) treatment and wish to use herbal anti- rheumatic medicine. This study assessed the clinical effects of Garcinia kola (GK) in KOA patients. Patients and Methods. Prospective randomized, placebo controlled, double blind, clinical trial approved by the institutional medical ethics review board and written informed consent obtained from each patient. All KOA patients presenting at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital complex were recruited into the study. The patients were grouped into four (A=Placebo, B=Naproxen, C=Garcinia kola, D=Celebrex). The drugs and placebo were given twice a day per oral route. Each dose consisted of 200mg of G. kola, Naproxen (500mg), Celebrex (200mg) and Ascorbic acid (100mg). The primary outcome measure over six weeks study period was the change in mean WOMAC pain visual analogue scales (VAS). Secondary outcome measures included the mean change in joint stiffness and physical function (mobility/walking). Results: 143 patients were recruited, 84 (58.7%, males - 24, females - 60) satisfied the selection criteria and completed the study. The effect of knee osteoarthritis bilateralism among the subjects was not significant on their outcome (p>0.05). The change in the mean WOMAC pain VAS after six weeks of G. kola was significantly reduced compared to the placebo (p0.05). The onset of G. kola symptomatic pain relief was faster than the placebo (p0.05). The duration of therapeutic effect of Garcinia kola was longer than the placebo (p>0.001). G. kola period of effect was less than naproxen and celebrex (p<0.001). G. kola subjects had improved mean change mobility/walking after six weeks better than the control group(p<0.001).The mean change in mobility of the G. kola group when compared to the active comparators was not significantly better (p<0.05). The mean change of knee joint stiffness (p<0.001) and the change of mean WOMAC score (p<0.001) were improved on Garcinia kola as compared to the placebo. The mid term outcome of eleven Garcinia kola subjects after cessation of use had a mean pain relief period of 17.27+/-5.15 days (range: 9-26 days). There was no significant cardiovascular, renal or drug induced adverse reaction to Garcinia kola. Conclusions: Garcinia kola appeared to have clinically significant analgesic /anti-inflammatory effects in knee osteoarthritis patients. Garcinia kola is a potential osteoarthritis disease activity modifier with good mid term outcome. Further studies are required for standardization of dosages and to determine long-term effects.
Septic arthritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Abdulaziz Al-Ahaideb Tue, 29 Jul 2008 00:00:00 -0000
There is an increasing number of rheumatoid patients who get septic arthritis. Chronic use of steroids is one of the important predisposing factors. The clinical picture of septic arthritis is different in immunocompromised patients like patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The diagnosis and management are discussed in this review article.
Tissue specific characteristics of cells isolated from human and rat tendons and ligaments
N Scutt, CG Rolf and A Scutt Thu, 24 Jul 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Background: Tendon and ligament injuries are common and costly in terms of surgery and rehabilitation. This might be improved by using tissue engineered constructs to accelerate the repair process; a method used successfully for skin wound healing and cartilage repair. Progress in this field has however been limited; possibly due to an over-simplistic choice of donor cell. For tissue engineering purposes it is often assumed that all tendon and ligament cells are similar despite their differing roles and biomechanics. To clarify this, we have characterised cells from various tendons and ligaments of human and rat origin in terms of proliferation, response to dexamethasone and cell surface marker expression. Methods: Cells isolated from tendons by collagenase digestion were plated out in DMEM containing 10% fetal calf serum, penicillin/streptomycin and ultraglutamine. Cell number and collagen accumulation were by determined methylene blue and Sirius red staining respectively. Expression of cell surface markers was established by flow cytometry. Results: In the CFU-f assay, human PT-derived cells produced more and bigger colonies suggesting the presence of more progenitor cells with a higher proliferative capacity. Dexamethasone had no effect on colony number in ACL or PT cells but 10 nM dexamethasone increased colony size in ACL cultures whereas higher concentrations decreased colony size in both ACL and PT cultures. In secondary subcultures, dexamethasone had no significant effect on PT cultures whereas a stimulation was seen at low concentrations in the ACL cultures and an inhibition at higher concentrations. Collagen accumulation was inhibited with increasing doses in both ACL and PT cultures. This differential response was also seen in rat-derived cells with similar differences being seen between Achilles, Patellar and tail tendon cells. Cell surface marker expression was also source dependent; CD90 was expressed at higher levels by PT cells and in both humans and rats whereas D7fib was expressed at lower levels by PT cells in humans. Conclusion: These data show that tendon & ligament cells from different sources possess intrinsic differences in terms of their growth, dexamethasone responsiveness and cell surface marker expression. This suggests that for tissue engineering purposes the cell source must be carefully considered to maximise their efficacy.
Diagnosis of periprosthetic infection following total hip arthroplasty – evaluation of the diagnostic values of pre- and intraoperative parameters and the associated strategy to preoperatively select patients with a high probability of joint infection
Michael Müller, Lars Morawietz, Olaf Hasart, Patrick Strube, Carsten Perka and Stephan Tohtz Mon, 21 Jul 2008 00:00:00 -0000
Background: The correct diagnosis of a prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is crucial for adequate surgical treatment. The detection may be a challenge since presentation and preoperative tests are not always obvious and precise. This prospective study was performed to evaluate a variety of pre- and intraoperative investigations. Furthermore a detailed evaluation of concordance of each preoperative diagnosis was performed, together with a final diagnosis to assess the accuracy of the pre-operative assumption of PJI. Methods: Between 01/2005 and 02/2007, a prospective analysis was performed in 50 patients, who had a two stage revision because of assumed PJI. Based on clinical presentation, radiography, haematological screening, or early failure, infection was assumed and a joint aspiration was performed. Depending upon these findings, a two stage revision was performed, with intra-operative samples for culture and histological evaluation obtained. Final diagnosis of infection was based upon the interpretation of the clinical presentation and the pre- and intraoperative findings. Results: In 37 patients a positive diagnosis of PJI could be made definitely. The histopathology yielded the highest accuracy (0.94) in identification of PJI and identified 35 of 37 infections (sensitivity 0.94, specificity 0.94, positive-/negative predictive value 0.97/0.86). Intra-operative cultures revealed sensitivities, specificities, positive-/negative predictive values and accuracy of 0.78, 0.92, 0.96, 0.63 and 0.82. These values for blood screening tests were 0.95, 0.62, 0.88, 0.80, and 0.86 respectively for the level of C-reactive protein, and 0.14, 0.92, 0.83, 0.29 and, 0.34 respectively for the white blood-cell count. The results of aspiration were 0.57, 0.5, 0.78, 0.29, and 0.54. Conclusion: The detection of PJI is still a challenge in clinical practice. The histopathological evaluation emerges as a highly practical diagnostic tool in detection of PJI. Furthermore, we found a discrepancy between the pre-operative suspicion of PJI and the final post-operative diagnosis, resulting in a slight uncertainty in whether loosening is due to bacterial infection or not. The variation in accuracy of the single tests may influence the detection of PJI. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level I.
Techniques in Orthopaedics - Current Table Of Contents
Introduction.
Page: 95DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817f32a6Authors: Russell, Thomas A. MD
Indirect Reduction and Submuscular Plating of Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture.
Page: 97DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817bf2f9Authors: Ostrum, Robert F. MD
Locked Plating for Subtrochanteric Fractures: The Next Big Thing.
Page: 106DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817c0481Authors: Schmidt, Andrew H. MD
Intramedullary Nailing of Subtrochanteric Fractures: Relevant Anatomy and Entry Portals, Supine, or Lateral Positioning.
Page: 113DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817bf2a1Authors: Jahangir, A Alex MD; Perez, Edward A. MD; Russell, Thomas A. MD
Minimally Invasive Nail Insertion Technique for Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures: How and Why.
Page: 118DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817bf2ceAuthors: Mir, Hassan R. MD; Russell, T A. MD
Nailing Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures: The Technical Subtleties of the Ideal Starting Point.
Page: 126DOI: 10.1097/BTO.0b013e31817d7599Authors: Ricci, William M. MD
Sites:
Academic Association of Orthopaedic Administrators: The AAOA provides a forum for the exchange of ideas among those engaged in Orthopedic surgery administration.American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons: Home site for the AAOS. About the journal, patient information, members services, library and archives.
American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons: A membership based association for Orthopedic surgeons and professionals in the Orthopedic field.
American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society: American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society
AO North America: Health Care and Medical Education: The AONA is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the advancement for patient care, in orthopaedic, maxillofacial, spine and veterinary surgery
British Orthopaedic Association: The British Orthopaedic Association (BOA) is the professional association for orthopaedic and trauma surgeons in the United Kingdom and those abroad who have had orthopaedic training in the United Kingdom.
Female Orthopaedic Surgeons in Sweden - BGOS: A network providing professional and social activities, conferences and seminars for its members. [English and Swedish]
Iranian Orthopaedic Association: Dedicated to surgeons who worked in extraordinary conditions. Includes news, members, publications, and contacts.
Israel Orthopaedic (Orthopedic) Association: Information about the Association and orthopedic surgery in Israel.
National Association of Orthopaedic Technologists: Information about the association, membership, recognized schools. Based in North Carolina.
New Jersey Orthopaedic Society-Orthopaedic Surgeons of New Jersey: Membership information, mission, calendar of events, related links and contact information.
New York State Society of Orthopaedic Surgeons: Information on Federal and State legislators, orthopedic focus, meeting and membership information. (Clinton, NY)
Orthopaedic Trauma Association: Includes information about the OTA, its membership, meetings and courses, calendar, events, education, discussion forums and a newsletter.
Orthoptic Association of Australia: National allied health association: information on training, scientific conferences, membership
Società Italiana Chirurgia Ginocchio: English version of the Italian Society for Knee Surgery, with forum, surgical techniques, information about our society, othopaedic meetings and orthopaedic links.
Southern Orthopaedic Association: SOA was established to provide a forum for the exchange of original, practical, medical and surgical information in orthopaedics. An affiliate of Southern Medical Association and operates exclusively for charitable, scientific and educational purposes. Based in Alabama.
Texas Orthopaedic Association: TOA represents over 3,000 Texas Orthopaedic Surgeons. Find an orthopaedic surgeon in your city. Visit physician member web sites.
This directory is based on the Open Directory and may have been modified
